A proposed impact assessment method for genetically modified plants (AS-GMP Method)

An essential step in the development of products based on biotechnology is an assessment of their potential economic impacts and safety, including an evaluation of the potential impact of transgenic crops and practices related to their cultivation on the environment and human or animal health. The purpose of this paper is to provide an assessment method to evaluate the impact of biotechnologies that uses quantifiable parameters and allows a comparative analysis between conventional technology and technologies using GMOs. This paper introduces a method to perform an impact analysis associated with the commercial release and use of genetically modified plants, the Assessment System GMP Method. The assessment is performed through indicators that are arranged according to their dimension criterion likewise: environmental, economic, social, capability and institutional approach. To perform an accurate evaluation of the GMP specific indicators related to genetic modification are grouped in common fields: genetic insert features, GM plant features, gene flow, food/feed field, introduction of the GMP, unexpected occurrences and specific indicators. The novelty is the possibility to include specific parameters to the biotechnology under assessment. In this case by case analysis the factors of moderation and the indexes are parameterized to perform an available assessment.     

防灾工程项目评估的基本问题

在分析防灾工作项目特点的项目上，提出了防灾工程项目评估的基本原则，对并防灾工程项目效益和费用的确认与计量问题进行讨论，为进一步研究防灾工程项目评估理论和方法奠定了基础。     

集合智能安全帽的建筑工人施工安全行为绩效考核及激励机制

为实时监控现场工人不安全行为，有效降低建筑事故发生率，实现主动的安全与组织管理模式，结合基于智能安全帽的施工人员不安全行为监测与管理系统，构建了工人安全行为绩效考核模型并设计激励机制。通过在温银施工项目的应用，进行了现场工人安全行为绩效的横向与纵向对比。研究结果表明:依据现场行为进行监控和绩效考核能够有效地改善工人的安全行为，有助于形成施工现场的安全生产竞争氛围，有助于建筑工地的安全管理。     

通江银耳菌种的质量鉴定

建立无公害通江银耳的菌种质量鉴定标准,分别从感官、显微镜检查、生理特点、药物敏感试验、理化鉴定等方面进行了研究,提出了通江银耳菌种质量的鉴定标准。其鉴定标准切实可行,有利于对通江银耳的菌种质量进行管理。     

基于模糊综合评价法的建筑企业安全管理

由于行业的自身特点,建筑企业安全管理一直是企业管理中的重点和难点。安全评价是企业进行安全管理的基础和依据,传统的安全评价方法,多为一些专家及安全管理人员凭经验得出的定性的结论,既缺乏系统科学的严谨性,在实践中又有很大的局限性。笔者在综合目前的安全评价技术的基础上,结合建筑行业特点,以《施工企业安全生产评价标准》(JGJ/T77—2003)为基础,提出了基于模糊综合理论的安全评价方法,并对该评价模型的的原理、方法进行了研究。该方法可以对不同企业或者同一企业的不同项目之间的安全现状做出量化评价,对促进企业安全管理工作的科学化、规范化、程序化有积极的现实意义。     

从世界银行对二滩水电站环境影响评估中得到的启示

本文介绍了二滩水电站环境影响评价，以及世界银行评估过程中专家提出的一系列环境问题，并结合我院１０多年来的环境影响评价工作简述几点启示，供参考。     

A Complex Systems Model Approach to Quantified Mineral Resource Appraisal

For federal and state land management agencies, mineral resource appraisal has evolved from value-based to outcome-based procedures wherein the consequences of resource development are compared with those of other management options. Complex systems modeling is proposed as a general framework in which to build models that can evaluate outcomes. Three frequently used methods of mineral resource appraisal (subjective probabilistic estimates, weights of evidence modeling, and fuzzy logic modeling) are discussed to obtain insight into methods of incorporating complexity into mineral resource appraisal models. Fuzzy logic and weights of evidence are most easily utilized in complex systems models. A fundamental product of new appraisals is the production of reusable, accessible databases and methodologies so that appraisals can easily be repeated with new or refined data. The data are representations of complex systems and must be so regarded if all of their information content is to be utilized.The proposed generalized model framework is applicable to mineral assessment and other geoscience problems. We begin with a (fuzzy) cognitive map using (+1,0,–1) values for the links and evaluate the map for various scenarios to obtain a ranking of the importance of various links. Fieldwork and modeling studies identify important links and help identify unanticipated links. Next, the links are given membership functions in accordance with the data. Finally, processes are associated with the links; ideally, the controlling physical and chemical events and equations are found for each link. After calibration and testing, this complex systems model is used for predictions under various scenarios. Published on line     

Economic appraisal and evaluation of UK waste minimisation clubs: proposals to inform the design of sustainable clubs

Waste minimisation clubs have been established for some 12 years in the UK. During that time, they have been significant driving forces in disseminating sustainable waste management practices in industry and commerce. Clubs have also demonstrated that they can achieve significant reductions in levels of waste. However, data on the economic benefits of these clubs remain scanty and disparate. In addition, no standard methodology has developed to assess whether the investment costs of clubs can be justified on grounds of either economic welfare or sustainable development, despite the theoretical advantages from doing so. Against this background, the paper considers the need for economic appraisal and evaluation of waste minimisation clubs and discusses how these methods could be applied to the creation of clubs that will be sustainable over time.     

广州地铁鹭江站施工安全技术体系研究

城市地铁工程主要穿越城市商业区和居民聚居区 ,施工过程中的安全技术问题可能对地表环境产生严重影响 ,甚至诱发地面塌陷等灾害发生。笔者结合广州地铁二号线鹭江站的施工实践 ,研究了城市地铁工程的施工安全技术 ;探讨了地铁车站施工安全监测中的维护桩变形、土体变形、支撑结构的受力状况、地下水水位、地下管线沉降和位移监测的实施细则 ;突出了对折返线施工过程的监测 ;研究了施工安全保障技术方法体系 ;对施工现场安全技术、施工工艺安全技术进行了深入分析 ;明确了基坑开挖、洞室掘进、空中作业等不同类型的施工场地和人工挖孔、爆破、模筑混凝土、钢支撑安装、防水层施做等各种施工工艺的安全保障技术方法 ;建立了安全施工和安全管理措施方法体系。     

Community and individual reaction to environmental hazards: Developing a measurement technology

This study was an attempt to develop an efficient method of monitoring and assessing how members of a community react to a toxic hazard in their community. The intent was to develop a short instrument which could be applied in multiple settings, or in the same setting several times. The methodology was a short questionnaire that addressed six issues: sources of information about the hazard, beliefs about justice and responsibility, beliefs about why the hazard is a problem, extent of active concern, involvement in community affairs, and satisfaction with life. A mailed questionnaire was developed and tested in a community near an EPA Superfund site in the United States. Results of the effort are discussed relative to the particular community studied, and relative to furthering the assessment technology begun in this research.